Handball games and history; Handball is a team sport where two teams have seven players (6 players and a goalkeeper). Players pass the ball among themselves to try to throw it inside the opposition’s goal for a goal. Handball matches consist of two 30-minute halves, and the team that can score the most goals against the opposition at the end of the game is the winning team.
Handball at Present
Handball games and history handball matches are usually held in dedicated indoor lounges, unlike in outdoor venues, such as baseball on the football field and beach handball. American handball is very different from European handball. When the game starts, the players move very quickly, and there is physical contact between them when the defenders of each team try to counter the attacks of the opposition players and prevent them from approaching the goal. Friction between players is permitted only if the defender of one of the two teams is in confrontation with one of the opposition’s attackers; Anything between the attacker and the goal. Any lateral or backward friction is deemed to be contrary to the rules of play and carries severe penalties. If the attacker’s defender is prevented from reaching the goal for a goal, the referee stops the game at this point and resumes again with the attacking players starting from the offense point or the line 9 m away from the goal. While basketball players are allowed to commit only five offenses (6 according to the National Basketball Association), handball players have the right to engage in an unlimited number of crimes that favor the defense but, at the same time, affect the rhythmic movement of attackers.
The Number of Scored Goals
Handball games and history, as for the number of goals in handball, each team is entitled to at least 20 goals. Therefore, it is unsurprising that the match result was 33 points against 31. However, this has not existed in the history of the game. The number of handball goals in old times was more like ice hockey. But as methods of attack have evolved, most notably the use of counter-attacks (blitz) after the opposition team fails to launch attacks, the achievement rate of targets has increased.
History about the origin and evolution of the game
Handball games and history is one of the old sports that have gone through many stages and succeeded.
Old, medieval handball-like toys appeared in France and among the Eskimo people of Greenland and in ancient Africa, Especially in Egypt during the Pharaohs. By the 19th century, many handball-like games in their current form appeared in many different countries, such as the Danish game håndbold, the Czech Republic’s Hazen game, Slovakia’s hádzaná match, Ukraine’s gambol game, Germany’s torball game and similar games in Prague. Originally, handball was formed in its current form at the end of the nineteenth century in Northern Europe, particularly in Denmark, Germany, Norway, and Sweden.
The Danish Holger Nielsen was credited with drawing the rules of a handball game (håndbold) in its current form in 1898 and published it in 1906. He also did the same thing, “RN Ernst,” in 1897. On 29 October 1917, “Max Heyzer,” “Carl Shelens,” and “Eric Conway” of Germany published another set of rules for team handball. After 1919, these rules were developed by “Carl Shelens.” These rules were first applied in the 1925 men’s handball match between Germany and Belgium and the 1930 women’s handball match between Germany and Austria. In 1926, the Legislative Council of the International Federation of Amateur Athletes commissioned a specialized committee to draw up international rules governing stadium handball matches.
In 1928, the International Handball Federation was formed, while the International Handball Federation was formed in 1946. The first men’s handball matches were held at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin at the request of leader Adolf Hitler. The game returned as one of the team sports held at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. A women’s team handball match was held at the 1976 Summer Olympics. The International Handball Federation organized the Men’s Handball World Championships in 1938, held every four years (sometimes every three years) from World War II to 1995. The competition has become held every two years. The Women’s World Handball Championships have been held since 1957. The International Handball Federation also organized several international championships for young women and men. By February 2007, the International Handball Federation had 159 members – about 1.130,000 teams, 31 million players, coaches, administrators, and referees – from 2222 countries.
The Pitch
Handball games and history, the handball match is held on a 40-meter pitch with a width of 20 meters, and the line is located in the middle. The stadium has two aims, each surrounded by an almost semi-circular area known as the goal area, which is defined by a line 6 meters from the goal. There is also a semi-circular line in the form of points 9 meters away from the plan, known as the “free-throw line.” Every line in the stadium is the back of the original network to strengthen it.
The Goal Posts
Handball games and history, goal is a rectangular-shaped area, 3 meters wide and two meters high. The goal should be fixed by the field or wall from behind. The goal and beam lists are made of the same substance (e.g., [iron]) and have a square cross-section with an 8.5-centimeter interface. The three aspects of the main beams of the stadium should also be painted interchangeably in two colors different from the background color. Both goals in the stadium should be painted in the same color. And every plan has a grid. The net must be lax so that the ball entering the goal does not bounce directly outside. If necessary, another network is installed by a plan.
Goal Area
Handball games and history, goal is surrounded from the outside by an area known as the goal area. The quarter circles determine this area, and around the far corners of each stand, there is a beam of 6 meters long and a line parallel to the goal line, known as the seven-meter line. Only the goalkeeper is allowed to be present in this area. However, any player can catch the ball and touch it in the air within the boundaries of this area as long as he starts his jump outside the edges of the site and throws the ball before coming down on the ground. If the player touches the pitch within the goal zone, he should take the shortest route out of this area. However, suppose a player deliberately crosses this area to take a better position to score a goal within the opposition goal. In that case, the ball is the right of the opposition players. Similarly, if a defender deliberately bypassed this area to take a better position on the pitch, it would be tolerated because it violated the rules of play. And the opposition player should be guarded.
Players Switch Area
Handball games and history, player’s switch area for each team is located outside both sides of the halfway line on the pitch. These areas usually have seats. The team coaches, reserve players, and detainees sit on these seats. Each substitution area should be close to each team’s own goal. During the halftime break, these zones are switched between the two groups. Each player who enters or exits the field shall override the switching line, which is part of the sideline of the stadium and extends by 4.5 meters, From the halfway line to each team’s side area.
Match Time
Handball games and history, handball match consists of two halves of 30 minutes each, for all teams aged 16 and above, with a half-time break of 10 minutes. During the break, both teams may exchange sides of the stadium and seats. For young people, the match time is as follows:
- 2 × 25 minutes from age 12 to 16
- 2 × 20 minutes from age 8 to 12
However, in some countries, national federations may vary in implementing officially agreed guidelines and rules. If it is necessary to determine the winning team in the final qualifier of a course, the time is extended for two additional runs in case of a draw, each of which is 5 minutes between them for a break of 1 minute. Suppose the two different halves end in a draw as well. In that case, two other halves of 5 minutes each are added. If the interest continues, give time at their discretion, usually due to injury to a player, exclusion, dismissal, or pitch cleaning. It also requires weighted throws only giving time out because changing goalkeepers take a long time to execute. Each team is entitled to 1 minute of time cut-off at the request of each team in each ordinary game time. This right is given only to the team possessing the ball. The team administrators who wish to obtain time out must indicate the green card with the letter T in black. Then it heads to the middle of the sideline and raises the green card high, and in an obvious way, the timer can distinguish it directly. And immediately whistle my meals to announce that the game has been stopped and time has been stopped.
The Referees
Handball games and history, leads a handball match with two referees. Some national bodies allow the game to be held in the presence of only one referee in exceptional cases, such as the second referee having an illness that prevents him from participating in the match shortly before the start of the competition. If one of the judges is injured in the game, the two judgments are replaced by two others to complete the half. If the two provisions disagree on any issue relating to the game, a decision is reached between them after taking a short time out. If the two provisions give a simultaneous determination against the offending team and disagree on the type of punishment, the maximum penalty shall be imposed. The match officials must make the right decisions based on their observations of the match’s progress. Their findings are decisive and irreversible and are reviewed only if they are outside the rules of play.
Players, Substitutes, and Administrators
Handball games and history, handball team consists of 7 starters and five reserve players – at most – sitting on reserve seats. Each group appoints a goalkeeper in a different outfit than the rest of the team’s players. There is no specific number to switch players, and the switching process occurs at any time throughout game time. Replacement should appear on the dedicated switch line. The judgment does not have to be notified. Some national bodies, such as the German Handball Federation DHB, permit the conversion of junior teams only if the ball is acquired or during a time-out. This rule prevents players from being divided into forwards and defenders before the game begins.
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